The Federal Circuit reversed a district court’s ruling that patents on using beta-alanine as a dietary supplement were invalid under § 101, holding that method of treatment claims covering use of a natural compound in non-naturally-occurring quantities to alter physiology are patent eligible.
The Federal Circuit invalidated a diagnostic patent for detecting autoantibodies linked to myasthenia gravis, then denied en banc rehearing in a rare decision accompanied by eight separate opinions, exposing the court’s deep division over § 101 and diagnostic patents.
The Federal Circuit held that Trading Technologies’ patents on a graphical user interface for electronic futures trading were patent-ineligible abstract ideas under Alice — finding that displaying market data and allowing traders to place orders by clicking on a price ladder represented an abstract business method implemented on a computer rather than a patent-eligible technological improvement.
The Federal Circuit reversed a district court’s dismissal and held that a patent claiming a method of preventing computers from running unlicensed software by using the BIOS to store a license verification key is not an abstract idea—it claims a concrete improvement to computer security functionality.
The Federal Circuit reversed invalidation of tabbed-spreadsheet navigation patents, holding that claims covering a specific, novel user interface for navigating large spreadsheets are not directed to an abstract idea.
The Federal Circuit held that a patent covering an “attention manager” that displays content in unused screen space is ineligible under § 101, because it claims a desired outcome — non-interfering display of two information sets — without specifying any technical means of achieving it.
The Federal Circuit held that patent claims covering computerized voting, verification, and vote tabulation are directed to the abstract idea of voting — a fundamental human activity for centuries — and thus ineligible under § 101.
The Federal Circuit held that method-of-treatment claims directed to a specific dosing regimen for schizophrenia based on a patient’s genetic profile are patent eligible under §101, distinguishing the Supreme Court’s Mayo decision and reinforcing the eligibility of personalized medicine patents.
The Federal Circuit held that on a motion to dismiss, courts must accept all well-pleaded facts as true before ruling on patent eligibility under § 101, reversing summary dismissal of software form-processing patents.
The Federal Circuit held that the Alice/Mayo Step 2B inquiry — whether a claim element or combination of elements represents an ‘inventive concept’ that was well-understood, routine, and conventional — contains underlying factual questions that may not always be resolved as a matter of law on summary judgment, limiting the scope of § 101 dispositive motions.
The Federal Circuit upheld patent claims covering an improved mobile device application summary interface, holding that specific graphical user interface improvements solving a concrete usability problem are not abstract ideas under § 101.
The Federal Circuit held that identifying the “smallest salable patent-practicing unit” is not sufficient when that unit still contains non-patented features, and further apportionment is required to isolate the value of the patented technology in complex software products.
The Federal Circuit affirmed PTAB’s cancellation of Credit Acceptance’s patent on financing automobile purchases through a dealer-administered program, holding the claims directed to the abstract idea of processing financing transactions — a business practice not rendered patent-eligible by implementation on a computer.
The Federal Circuit affirmed invalidity of Smart Systems’ open-loop transit payment patents under Section 101, holding that collecting financial data using generic components to facilitate transit access is an abstract idea — with a notable dissent arguing that the claims addressed a real, Internet-era technical problem.
Reversing a district court’s Section 101 dismissal, the Federal Circuit held that Visual Memory’s patent on a programmable memory system with processor-specific operational characteristics was directed to an improved computer memory technology — not an abstract idea — because it described a specific technical advance in how memory systems operate.
The Federal Circuit reversed the Court of Federal Claims’ § 101 dismissal of Thales Visionix’s inertial sensor patent, holding that claims directed to a specific arrangement of sensors and a mathematical algorithm to improve navigation accuracy are patent-eligible because the claims improve the technical functioning of the navigation system rather than merely applying a mathematical concept to a conventional context.
The Federal Circuit affirmed invalidation of Intellectual Ventures’ XML-formatting and financial data-collection patents under Section 101, holding that organizing, collecting, recognizing, and storing data — even when dressed in domain-specific vocabulary — is a patent-ineligible abstract idea with no inventive concept.
The Federal Circuit held Mallinckrodt’s patents on methods of supplying inhaled nitric oxide therapy while monitoring patients for adverse effects were patent-ineligible under § 101 — finding the claims directed to the natural phenomenon that nitric oxide can worsen pulmonary edema in certain patients and the monitoring and adjusting steps conventional therapeutic practice.
The Federal Circuit held that McRO’s patents on rule-based automated lip synchronization in 3D character animation were patent-eligible — the claims specified a particular improvement in computer animation technology using specific rules, not merely the abstract idea of using rules to automate a task, providing an important precedent for software patent eligibility post-Alice.
The Federal Circuit held that patents on real-time monitoring and analysis of electric power grid data were patent-ineligible under Section 101, establishing that collecting, analyzing, and displaying information — even in a complex industrial context — is an abstract idea without an inventive concept in its implementation.
The Federal Circuit affirmed the invalidity of Mentor Graphics’ patents on hardware synthesis software under § 101 — holding that claims directed to the abstract idea of synthesizing a hardware circuit design from a functional description were not rendered patent-eligible by implementation on a computer, and clarifying that the Alice two-step applies to software patents regardless of whether the claim recites a method, system, or computer-readable medium.
The Federal Circuit affirmed § 101 invalidity of Intellectual Ventures’ patents on interactive customizable web pages and database record indexing — holding that creating customizable web interfaces for financial products and organizing financial data with hierarchical index structures are abstract ideas not rendered patent-eligible by generic computer implementation.
The Federal Circuit vacated dismissal of BASCOM’s Internet content-filtering patent, holding that an inventive concept can arise from a non-conventional, non-generic arrangement of individually known elements — even if the abstract idea at the core of the claims is itself conventional.
The Federal Circuit held that claims directed to a specific improvement in database technology — a self-referential logical table that allows all types of data to be stored in a single table structure — were directed to a concrete software improvement rather than an abstract idea, surviving Alice step one and providing an important pathway for software patent eligibility.
The Federal Circuit affirmed the first covered business method patent review final written decision under the AIA, holding that the PTAB correctly invalidated Versata’s pricing patent under Section 101 and that CBM eligibility determinations are reviewable on appeal — establishing the Federal Circuit’s oversight role over the new PTAB CBM program.
The Federal Circuit held that Sequenom’s patent on detecting paternally inherited cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal blood for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis was patent-ineligible under § 101 — finding the claims directed to a natural phenomenon (cffDNA’s presence in maternal blood) and the detection method steps conventional and insufficient to supply an inventive concept.
The Federal Circuit affirmed that document-scanning and data-recognition patents are invalid under Section 101 as directed to long-practiced abstract ideas — and notably held that Section 101 invalidity can be decided at the motion to dismiss stage, before claim construction, establishing an early-exit tool in post-Alice patent litigation.
The Federal Circuit held that Myriad’s claims to methods of comparing or analyzing BRCA gene sequences were patent-ineligible under § 101 as directed to abstract mental processes — applying the Supreme Court’s Mayo framework to diagnostic comparison claims on remand from AMP v. Myriad, while upholding claims requiring specific laboratory techniques.
The Federal Circuit held that DDR Holdings’ patent on a method for retaining website visitors by displaying third-party products within the host website’s visual framework — rather than redirecting visitors to the third-party’s site — was patent-eligible under Alice because the claims addressed a problem unique to the internet and produced an unconventional technical result.
On its third visit to the Federal Circuit, Ultramercial’s patent on ad-supported online media distribution was finally struck down as an abstract idea — completing a legal journey that spanned four years, two Federal Circuit opinions, and two Supreme Court remands, all bookended by the Alice decision.
Applying the newly minted Alice framework, the Federal Circuit unanimously invalidated buySAFE’s patent on computer-facilitated transaction guarantees, holding that using a computer to create a contractual bonding relationship is textbook abstract idea territory with no inventive concept.
The Federal Circuit held that a patent claiming an image device profile — a collection of color and spatial data — was patent-ineligible, finding that a data structure without physical embodiment is not patentable, and that methods consisting only of mathematical correlations are abstract ideas.
The Supreme Court held unanimously that software claims directed to the abstract idea of intermediated settlement, implemented on a generic computer, are patent-ineligible under §101, and articulated the two-step Alice/Mayo framework now universally applied to §101 analysis.
A divided Federal Circuit panel held Accenture’s insurance task-management system patent invalid under Section 101, finding that adding computer and insurance-industry labels to an abstract idea does not make a claim patent-eligible.
The Federal Circuit initially held Ultramercial’s patent on a method of distributing copyrighted media over the internet by requiring viewers to watch an advertisement to be patent-eligible — but after Supreme Court remand in light of Alice v. CLS Bank, reversed and found the claims directed to the abstract idea of monetizing digital content through advertising, invalidating the patent.
The Federal Circuit, sitting en banc, affirmed invalidity of Alice’s financial settlement software patent claims — but produced seven separate opinions with no majority rationale, reflecting deep disagreement on how to apply § 101 to software and setting the stage for the Supreme Court’s definitive Alice v. CLS Bank decision in 2014.
Ten Federal Circuit judges issued seven different opinions and could not agree on a single legal standard for software patent eligibility under § 101, affirming by an evenly divided court that Alice’s financial settlement patents were invalid — a fractured ruling that led directly to the Supreme Court’s landmark Alice Corp. v. CLS Bank decision.
The Federal Circuit held that patents on computer-implemented methods for managing stable-value life insurance policies are directed to an abstract idea and therefore invalid under § 101, ruling that adding generic computer implementation to an abstract mathematical algorithm does not create patent-eligible subject matter.
The Supreme Court held unanimously that patent claims directed to natural correlations between drug metabolite levels and therapeutic efficacy are patent-ineligible laws of nature, even when combined with conventional application steps, and established the foundational two-step Mayo framework.
The Federal Circuit held that MySpace’s social networking website did not infringe Graphon’s patents on searchable online databases, finding the asserted claims invalid as obvious combinations of well-known internet database and search technologies — an important post-KSR ruling on obviousness in the social networking and internet technology space.
The Federal Circuit held that Dealertrack’s claims covering a computer-aided system for routing automobile dealer credit applications to lenders were directed to the unpatentable abstract idea of processing credit applications — striking down the patents under § 101 because adding ‘apply it on a computer’ was insufficient to make an abstract process patent-eligible.
The Federal Circuit reversed a district court dismissal and held that Ultramercial’s patent on distributing copyrighted content free-to-consumers in exchange for viewing advertisements was patent-eligible subject matter under § 101 — finding the multi-step process involved meaningful, non-abstract practical implementation steps, not merely an abstract idea.
The Federal Circuit held that Classen Immunotherapies’ method claims for identifying optimal vaccination schedules to reduce chronic immune-mediated disorders were patent-eligible under § 101 in part — distinguishing between claims that merely require correlating a natural relationship and claims that require further steps of implementing a vaccination schedule based on that correlation.
The Federal Circuit held that CyberSource’s patent on a method of detecting credit card fraud by tracking internet addresses was directed to an unpatentable mental process — a gathering and comparing of information that a human could perform in their mind — and that reciting a Beauregard computer-readable medium claim did not change the analysis.
The Federal Circuit held that Myriad Genetics’ patents on isolated BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene sequences — mutations of which indicate elevated breast and ovarian cancer risk — were patent-eligible, while cDNA molecules and method claims for ‘comparing’ or ‘analyzing’ sequences were not — a major ruling later partially reversed by the Supreme Court in 2013.
The Federal Circuit upheld Prometheus’s patents on methods for optimizing thiopurine drug dosing based on metabolite blood levels, holding the claims directed to patent-eligible subject matter because they applied natural correlations through a physical transformation — a ruling the Supreme Court unanimously reversed in 2012.
The Federal Circuit upheld patents on digital image halftoning technology as patent-eligible subject matter, holding that mathematical algorithms applied to specific, practical technological problems are not so abstract as to be excluded from § 101, and cautioning against an overly rigid application of the abstract idea exception.
The Supreme Court held that the machine-or-transformation test is a useful but not exclusive test for patent eligibility under §101, and affirmed rejection of Bilski’s risk-hedging claims as unpatentable abstract ideas.
The Federal Circuit upheld Prometheus Laboratories’ patents on methods of optimizing thiopurine drug dosage by measuring metabolite levels in patients, finding the diagnostic methods patent-eligible under § 101 because the claimed steps transformed an article — a patient’s blood — by detecting specific metabolite concentrations.
The Federal Circuit sitting en banc held that the machine-or-transformation test is the definitive standard for determining whether a claimed process is patent-eligible under 35 U.S.C. § 101, rejecting a patent application on a business method for hedging commodity-trading risk.